Substantial efforts have been made to the Federal Highway Administration Roads and Weather Management Program. For instance, the DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) technology which uses IEEE 802.11p in the 5.9 GHz band is now being used in connection with various federal and state connected vehicle programs, these programs pinpoint opportunities of obtaining data from vehicles acting as mobile device platforms.
DSRC can either be a one or two-way short-range to mid range wireless channel that enables the transmission of very high data. This is critical in the communication-based active safety application to prevent accidents. This DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) wireless spectrum is specifically designed for automotive use. There are two types of Dedicated Short Range Communications and they include; Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V) and Vehicle–to-Infrastructure (V2I). These two need a protected wireless interface constancy in short time delays and extreme weather conditions, all of which is enabled by DSRC.
Potential Applications of DSRC on Traffic Management and Public Safety:
- Warnings on blind spots
- Do not pass warnings
- Traffic data collection
- Parking payment
- Rail intersection warning
- Safety inspection
- Electronic toll collection
- Unexpected decelerating
- Synchronization of the adaptive cruise control
- Rollover warning
- Collision Warning
- Incoming vehicle warning
- Clearing commercial vehicles
- In-vehicle display of road signs and billboards
Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) was developed with the main goal of permitting technologies that support safety applications and communications between vehicle-based devices and infrastructure, to reduce the number of accidents. DSRC is currently the only short range wireless alternative that delivers high consistency when required. This is because safety applications require a high level of link consistency; Dedicated Short Range Communications does this by working in vehicle speed flexibility and even in extreme weather conditions, it can deliver protected performance.
The main advantages of DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) include improved flexibility and collision avoidance.
Pedestrian and Bike Safety
A car equipped with the DSRC technology can detect a pedestrian with a DSRC-enabled smartphone. The position, direction and speed of the pedestrian are determined by a smartphone application. The car can use the Dedicated Short Range Communications technology to position all the surrounding vehicles. In the occasion of an approaching collision as detected by the smartphone application, the system alerts the pedestrian through a repeating and high volume beeping and a warning on the screen of the smartphone. At the same time, the driver to the possible collision is alerted with a loud alarm and optical warnings on the vehicles heads up display, and the navigation screen. The driver can also receive information on whether the pedestrian is texting or listening to music or whether he or she is on a phone call.
Approaching Emergency Vehicle Warning
Vehicle–to-Vehicle DSRC allows the transfer of information about an emergency of an approaching car, which should be passed from one vehicle to another, and forwarded through traffic. In this case, DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) will help avoid collisions hence saving lives.
The Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
DSRC is more effective in a situation when the cruise control fails, especially when near radar waves. When a car nears a sharp bend, the DSRC Systems sends a warning to cruise control system of any moving vehicles when approaching a sharp turn.
Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) is necessary for the safety of both drivers and pedestrians; however, its effectiveness is highly dependent on cooperative standards for interoperability.
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